Autobrecciation and fusing of mafic magma preceding explosive eruptions

Explosive volcanic eruptions on Mercury: Eruption conditions, magma volatile content, and implications for interior volatile abundances

a Geological Sciences Department, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912, USA b Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road, N.W., Washington, DC 20015, USA c The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723, USA d Environmental Science Department, Lancaster Univers...

Magma decompression rates during explosive eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii, recorded by melt embayments

The decompression rate of magma as it ascends during volcanic eruptions is an important but poorly constrained parameter that controls many of the processes that influence eruptive behavior. In this study, we quantify decompression rates for basaltic magmas using volatile diffusion in olivine-hosted melt tubes (embayments) for three contrasting eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii. Incomplete e...

NanoSIMS results from olivine-hosted melt embayments: Magma ascent rate during explosive basaltic eruptions

Depth of origin of magma in eruptions

Many volcanic hazard factors--such as the likelihood and duration of an eruption, the eruption style, and the probability of its triggering large landslides or caldera collapses--relate to the depth of the magma source. Yet, the magma source depths are commonly poorly known, even in frequently erupting volcanoes such as Hekla in Iceland and Etna in Italy. Here we show how the length-thickness r...

Fine ash content of explosive eruptions

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